Policies and strategies to offset climate change consequences are formulated and implemented in the adaptation process. The process involves appraisal of climatic impacts, preparation for adaptation, application of appropriate actions and evaluation of the acts (UNFCC, 2011). A number of methods and approaches can be found for adaptation planning. Adaptive capacity approach, one of the adaptation planning approaches, assesses the existing adaptive capacity and proposes to increase the strength of adaptive capacity to contest future extremes (Adger, et. al., 2012; Keys, et. al.,2013; UNFCC, 2013). Adaptive capacity is the ability of an individual or system to cope with changes in the ecosystem, weather and extreme events due to climate change.

IPCC (2001) identified the key determinants of adaptive capacity as economic wealth, technology, information and skills, infrastructure, institutions and equity. Technological changes and advances in technology enhance resilience and adaptive capacity of system and infrastructure to cope with detrimental effects of climate change. Hard and soft measures can be taken to introduce and implement adaptation technology.

Nepal, a heavily fuel wood dependent energy economy, can undergo several technological alternatives to adapt to the climatic changes and mitigate greenhouse gas emission. In addition to electricity generation and construction of large scale hydropower to meet the increasing demand of power, sustainability and efficiency of energy production, risk assessment and adaptive capacity building to tackle extreme events is crucial. Environmental and financial risk associated with infrastructure development can be minimized by selecting sustainable options.

Solar electricity and micro-hydropower are alternatives and renewable sources of energy which have been installed to generate electricity in various parts of the country (Ekins-Daukes, 2009; GON, 2005; Johnston, 2012). National energy policy of the Nepal addressed solar electricity and micro-hydroelectric power (GON, 2006) however integrated approach for national level and community level adaptation is needed. The paper proposes a simplified model for implementing technological solutions to climate change adaptation. Financial mechanisms to implement adaptation projects and stakeholder’s participation in the decision making process have been discussed in the paper.

Energy demand and energy usage data published by WECS (2010) has been analysed using charts, graphs, and pivot tables. Correlational tests, t-tests and ANOVA test were carried out for the 10 years data to find out the energy usage pattern and development of solar electricity and micro-hydropower. Residential sector energy consumption and total energy consumption data was projected from 2010 to 2030 to aid adaptation planning process.